******************************************************************************** Flight Dynamics for the Savoia Marchetti S.M.81 with Alfa Romeo 125/RC35 engines ******************************************************************************** [fltsim.0] title=SM81 AR125/RC35 218-4 sim=SM81_AR125 model= panel= sound= texture=218-4 kb_checklists= kb_reference=SM81_AR125ref atc_id=218-4 ui_manufacturer=Savoia Marchetti ui_type=S.81 - Alfa Romeo AR125/RC35 engines ui_variation=218th Sq./54th Grp./37th Stormo B.T. atc_heavy=0 atc_airline= atc_flight_number= description=This was the second version of the S.81. It was optimised for bombing strategic targets in Europe from medium level and was the version most frequently employed during the Spanish Civil War. Squadron deployment from late 1935. Later augmented by aircraft with more powerful AR126 engines, (q.v.), but not retired. These were however the first variants relegated to transport duries and most serving in that role by the end of 1939. This plane, based on Benghazi's airport (Lybia) during 1941, belonged to 218th Sq./54th Grp./37th Stormo B.T. Skin by Manuele Villa, April 2008. [fltsim.1] title=SM81 AR125/RC35 214-5 sim=SM81_AR125 model= panel= sound= texture=214-5 kb_checklists= kb_reference=SM81_AR125ref atc_id=214-5 ui_manufacturer=Savoia Marchetti ui_type=S.81 - Alfa Romeo AR125/RC35 engines ui_variation=214th Sq./52nd Grp./34th Stormo B.T. atc_heavy=0 atc_airline= atc_flight_number= description=This was the second version of the S.81. It was optimised for bombing strategic targets in Europe from medium level and was the version most frequently employed during the Spanish Civil War. Squadron deployment from late 1935. Later augmented by aircraft with more powerful AR126 engines, (q.v.), but not retired. These were however the first variants relegated to transport duries and most serving in that role by the end of 1939. This plane, based on Catania Fontanarossa's airport (Sicily,Italy) during August 1937, belonged to 214th Sq./52nd Grp./34th Stormo B.T. Skin by Manuele Villa, April 2008. [General] atc_type= atc_model= performance=Press F10 and then lowest icon for step by step on screen handling notes. [Views] eyepoint = 6.35, -0.85, 3 [WEIGHT_AND_BALANCE] empty_weight = 15907 ;including lubricating oil, flares, guns and ammunition max_gross_weight = 23111 Due to the very strong landing gear it was safe to land the S.81 at max gross after an emergency return. reference_datum_position = 0, 0, 0 empty_weight_CG_position = 0, 0, 0 station_load.0 = 1000, 0, 0, 0 ;5 crew with parachutes station_load.1 = 2200, 0, 0, 0 ;normal bombload Moments of Inertia empty_weight_pitch_MOI = 120000 empty_weight_roll_MOI = 260000 empty_weight_yaw_MOI = 300000 empty_weight_coupled_MOI = 0.000 [fuel] Max fuel was 5765lbs = 961 USG modern unleaded AVGAS The real aircraft had eight small tanks, six of which were between the engines. Outboard tanks were used only for overload maritime patrol. The S.81 had a maximum bomb load of 2,000Kg but the normal bomb load was half that which allowed 1820Kg of AVGAS to be loaded for a typical mission. When carrying the maximum possible bomb load of 2000Kg the maximum fuel load is 820Kg. Those who wish to complicate the roll and yaw handling can move the left right tanks a few feet either side of CoG. LeftMain = 0, 0, 0, 287, 0 RightMain = 0, 0, 0, 287, 0 Center1 = 0, 0, 0, 93, 0 //Center2 = 0, 0, 0, 294, 0 ;after removing all bombload remove the // to simulate overload maritime patrol mission with max auxiliary fuel fuel_type = 1 number_of_tank_selectors=1 electric_pump=0 [GeneralEngineData] engine_type = 0 Engine.0 = 4.2, -9.6, -2.3 Engine.1 = 12.2, 0, 0 Engine.2 = 4.2, 9.6, -2.3 min_throttle_limit = 0.1 master_ignition_switch = 1 fuel_flow_scalar = 1 [piston_engine] The Alfa Romeo 125/R.C.35 (licence built Bristol Pegasus III). TOGA = 680hp at 1.12 C2 at sea level (rpm varies with altitude density) War Emergency = 680hp at max 1.12 C2 and max 2300 rpm below 3500 metres Combat Rated Power = 650hp at max 1.1 C2 and max 2200 below 3500 metres Design and tactical cruise 485hp at 0.9 C2 and rpm not exceeding 2200 (optimum 5Km) Econ cruise 400hp at 0.8 C2 and rpm not exceeding 2090 (optimum above 5Km) critical_altitude=11480 //Rated and WEP at different RPM cylinder_displacement=194.78 compression_ratio=6.0 number_of_cylinders=9 max_rated_rpm=2200 //Rated max_rated_hp=680 //TOGA and WEP fuel_metering_type=1 cooling_type=0 normalized_starter_torque=0.5 turbocharged=1 max_design_mp=33.4 //TOGA and WEP min_design_mp=0 emergency_boost_type=0 emergency_boost_mp_offset=0.000000 emergency_boost_gain_offset=0.000000 fuel_air_auto_mixture=0 auto_ignition=0 max_rpm_mechanical_efficiency_scalar=1.000000 idle_rpm_mechanical_efficiency_scalar=1.000000 max_rpm_friction_scalar=1.000000 idle_rpm_friction_scalar=1.000000 [propeller] propeller_type=1 propeller_blades=3 gear_reduction_ratio=1.53 propeller_diameter=12.5 propeller_moi=10 fixed_pitch_beta=20 prop_sync_available=0 prop_deice_available=0 prop_feathering_available=0 prop_reverse_available=0 min_rpm_for_feather=0 beta_feather=0.0 power_absorbed_cf=0 minimum_on_ground_beta=10.0 minimum_reverse_beta=0 defeathering_accumulators_available=0 prop_auto_feathering_available=0 min_gov_rpm=650.000000 prop_tc=0.010000 low_speed_theory_limit=80.000000 beta_max=0 beta_min=0 [airplane_geometry] oswald_efficiency_factor= 0.67 wing_area = 992.4 ;92.2 square metres wing_span = 78.7 ;24 metres wing_root_chord = 16.9 wing_pos_apex_lon = 3.25 wing_pos_apex_vert = -2.500 htail_area = 175.000 htail_span = 20.000 htail_pos_lon = -36.000 htail_pos_vert = 0.000 htail_incidence = 0.000 htail_sweep = 40.000 vtail_area = 81.200 vtail_span = 10.000 vtail_sweep = 45.000 vtail_pos_lon = -36.000 vtail_pos_vert = 3.400 elevator_area = 75.000 aileron_area = 37.100 rudder_area = 37.000 elevator_up_limit = 18.000 elevator_down_limit = 15.000 aileron_up_limit = 18.000 aileron_down_limit = 18.000 rudder_limit = 25.000 elevator_trim_limit = 15.000 spoiler_limit = 60 ;used for turret drag spoilerons_available = 0 aileron_to_spoileron_gain = 0 min_ailerons_for_spoilerons = 0 min_flaps_for_spoilerons = 0 wing_dihedral = 0 wing_incidence = 0 wing_twist = 0 wing_winglets_flag = 0 wing_sweep = 0 [Flaps.0] Slow moving hand pumped flaps. Technical manual has only caution against use at 'high' IAS. The pump would break and the flaps would 'stick'. More or less self resolving in real life as they were too difficult to hand pump at high IAS. Vfe nominally set at 250 KmIAS, but correct IAS for deployment of each stage much lower and specified within the handling notes. type= 1 span-outboard= 0.550 extending-time= 24 system_type= 3 flaps-position.0= 0,0 flaps-position.1= 13, 138 flaps-position.2= 19, 138 flaps-position.3= 38, 138 [Reference Speeds] flaps_up_stall_speed = 57 full_flaps_stall_speed = 49 cruise_speed = 170 max_indicated_speed = 170 Some care must be exercised to moderate profile drag (IAS) < 310 KmIAS (but especially when descending) to avoid structural failure of the tail. Due to the high drag of the fixed gear this was not a material problem in real life. [Radios] Com.1 = 1, 0 Com.2 = 0, 0 Nav.1 = 1, 0, 0 Nav.2 = 0, 0, 0 Adf.1 = 1 Adf.2 = 0 Transponder.1 = 1 Audio.1 = 1 Marker.1 = 1 [contact_points] //GEAR point.0 = 1, -40.67, 0, -3.1, 1200, 0, 1.01, 40, 0.3 , 2.5, 0.9 , 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 point.1 = 1, 1, -8.82, -10.8, 1600, 1, 1.98, 0, 0.4 , 2.5, 0.85, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0 point.2 = 1, 1, 8.82, -10.8, 1600, 2, 1.98, 0, 0.4 , 2.5, 0.85, 0, 0, 3, 0, 0 //SCRAPES point.3= 2, -1.600, -39.000, 0.000, 800.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000,5.000, 0.000, 0.000 point.4= 2, -1.600, 39.000, 0.000, 800.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 6.000, 0.000, 0.000 point.5= 2, -44.100, 0.000, 0.81, 800.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 9.000, 0.000, 0.000 point.6= 2, 16.45, 0.000, -6.07, 800.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 4.000, 0.000, 0.000 point.7= 2, 7.64, -9.56, -8.25, 800.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 4.000, 0.000, 0.000 point.8= 2, 7.64, 9.56, -8.25, 800.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 4.000, 0.000, 0.000 static_pitch = 10 static_cg_height = 10.3 tailwheel_lock = 0 [brakes] parking_brake = 1 toe_brakes_scale = 0.25 ;drum brakes at this date were ineffective and subject to fading [hydraulic_system] normal_pressure = 732.0 //PSI electric_pumps = 0 //no electric pumps engine_map = 1,1,0 //pumps on Eng1,2 [LIGHTS] //Types: 1=beacon, 2=strobe, 3=navigation, 4=cockpit, 5=landing light.0 = 3, -5.59, -39.13, 0.06, fx_navred light.1 = 3, -5.59, 39.16, 0.1, fx_navgre light.2 = 3, -44.06, 0, 0.87, fx_navwhi light.3 = 4, 7.2, 0, 2.46, fx_vclight light.4 = 4, -16.2, 0, 1, fx_vclight light.5 = 5, -6.45, 19.19, -2.87, fx_SM74_landing light.6 = 5, -6.55, -19.19, -2.87, fx_SM74_landing [keyboard_response] elevator =200, 1000 aileron =200, 1000 rudder =200, 1000 [direction_indicators] direction_indicator.0=1,0 direction_indicator.1=2,0 [attitude_indicators] attitude_indicator.0 = 1 attitude_indicator.1 = 2 [turn_indicators] turn_indicator.0=2,0 [autopilot] autopilot_available= 1 direction_indicator=1 attitude_indicator =0 default_pitch_mode=0 // no pich control max_bank=25 max_bank_acceleration=1 max_bank_velocity=3 default_bank_mode=2 default_vertical_speed=0 autothrottle_available=0 pitch_takeoff_ga=8.000000 max_pitch=0 max_pitch_acceleration=0 max_pitch_velocity_lo_alt=0 max_pitch_velocity_hi_alt=0 max_pitch_velocity_lo_alt_breakpoint=0 max_pitch_velocity_hi_alt_breakpoint=0 max_throttle_rate=0.100000 nav_proportional_control=9.000000 nav_integrator_control=0.250000 nav_derivative_control=0.000000 nav_integrator_boundary=2.500000 nav_derivative_boundary=0.000000 gs_proportional_control=9.520000 gs_integrator_control=0.260000 gs_derivative_control=0.000000 gs_integrator_boundary=0.700000 gs_derivative_boundary=0.000000 yaw_damper_gain=0.000000 [forcefeedback] ground_bumps_magnitude1=2600 ; 0 - 10000 ground_bumps_angle1=8900 ; 0 - 35999 degrees ground_bumps_intercept1=5.0 ground_bumps_slope1=0.6 ground_bumps_magnitude2=1200 ; 0 - 10000 ground_bumps_angle2=9100 ; 0 - 35999 degrees ground_bumps_intercept2=0.085 ground_bumps_slope2=0.65 crash_magnitude1=10000 ; 0 - 10000 crash_direction1=01000 ; 0 - 35999 degrees crash_magnitude2=10000 ; 0 - 10000 crash_direction2=9000 ; 0 - 35999 degrees crash_period2=75000 ; in microseconds crash_duration2=3500000 ; in microseconds [stall_warning] type=1 ;unlikely in real life [exits] number_of_exits = 2 exit_rate.0 = 0.27 ;Percent per second exit_rate.1 = 0.5 ;Percent per second [EFFECTS] wake=fx_wake water=fx_spray dirt=fx_tchdrt concrete=fx_sparks startup=fx_engstrt_jenny touchdown=fx_tchdwn_s, 1 [electrical] max_battery_voltage = 12 generator_alternator_voltage = 12 max_generator_alternator_amps = 90 [flight_tuning] p_factor_on_yaw = 0.0 torque_on_roll = 0.0 gyro_precession_on_yaw = 0.0 gyro_precession_on_pitch = 0.0